Chest Physiotherapy: Breathing and Relaxation Techniques
Chest physiotherapy encompasses treatments typically performed by physical therapists and respiratory therapists, aimed at improving breathing by facilitating the removal of mucus from the airways. This technique is also known as respiratory or cardio-thoracic physiotherapy.
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Key Techniques
- Percussion and Vibration: These techniques assist in breaking up excess, thick, or sticky mucus in the lungs, making it easier to cough up.
- Clapping (Percussion): Caregivers perform clapping on the chest wall over the targeted lung area to move mucus into the larger airways. The hand is cupped to create a cushion of air, which softens the impact of clapping.
- Percussion: Percussion should be forceful yet rhythmic, producing a hollow sound without causing pain. Most movement originates from the wrist while keeping the arm relaxed to minimize fatigue.
- Clapping (Percussion): Caregivers perform clapping on the chest wall over the targeted lung area to move mucus into the larger airways. The hand is cupped to create a cushion of air, which softens the impact of clapping.
- Deep Breathing: This technique aids in moving loosened mucus toward the throat, encouraging coughing.
- Diaphragmatic Breathing: Also known as “belly breathing,” this method allows for deeper inhalation, ensuring air reaches the lower lungs. The abdomen expands during inhalation and contracts during exhalation.
- Postural Drainage: Involves positioning the patient to facilitate mucus drainage from specific lung areas using percussion, vibration, and gravity. Positions are tailored to the patient’s or child’s needs for optimal drainage.
Relaxation Strategies
These techniques aim to manage stress and enhance overall well-being, contributing to better respiratory health and improved quality of life.
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